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KMID : 0613820190290080904
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Journal of Life Science
2019 Volume.29 No. 8 p.904 ~ p.915
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Conditioned Media of RAW 264.7 Cells Stimulated with Phellinus linteus Extract Regulates the Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition in Prostate Cancer Cells
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Kang Tae-Woo
An Hyun-Hee
Park Sul-Gi
Yu Sun-Nyoung
Hwang You-Lim
Kim Ji-Won
Ahn Soon-Cheol
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Abstract
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Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most metastatic tumor. Although hormone therapy or surgical castration is mostly conducted to treat PCa, it has a lot of side effects. Recently, many researchers have been exploring the tumor microenvironment to remedy these circumstances. Immune cells, especially macrophages, are an important composition of the tumor microenvironment. Under normal conditions, macrophages exhibit mild tumoricidal activity against tumors. However, once activated by interferon gamma or lipopolysaccharides, macrophages can kill cancer cells directly or indirectly by secreting cytokines and chemokines. In this study, murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells were treated with Phellinus linteus extract. To analyze their pro-inflammatory phenotype, we were used several assays such as a real-time polymerase chain reaction, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent and nitric oxide assay. Prostate cancer cells were treated with the RAW 264.7-conditioned media, which was identified as a pro-inflammatory nature, for 48 h, and the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes was determined. Not only N-cadherin, Snail, Twist, Slug, and Cadherin 11, which are mechenchymal-related proteins, were decrease, but epithelial marker of E-cadherin was increased. In addition, the mRNA level of vimentin, ccl2, and vegfa were decreased, as the EMT is closely related to the migration and invasion of cancer cells. In conclusion, the RAW 264.7-conditioned media stimulated with P. linteus extract inhibited migration and invasion and regulated the EMT pathway in human prostate cancer cells.
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KEYWORD
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Conditioned media of murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells, EMT pathway, human prostate cancer PC-3 cells, Phellinus linteus
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